Some residential buildings do not have balconies on the first and second floors. This fact rather confuses the residents, since the loggia or balcony is an additional usable area. On its territory, you can store conservation, a bicycle, tools and much more that the household should have at hand, it is accepted not on a code day. Some even equip a gym, office or winter Garden. Is it possible to make a balcony if it is missing?
It should be noted that for the manufacture of a balcony, permission from the relevant authorities will be required without fail. If you do not get it, then quite serious problems may arise, the minimum of which is the demolition of the entire structure. Unauthorized outbuildings of these structures in multi-storey buildings are prohibited.
In order to make a balcony, you will need the following documents and permits:
If possible, it is better to contact a notary who will be able to collect all the documentation in a short period of time. An independent procedure will take a lot of time.
An apartment without a balcony is not a particularly attractive option. When selling real estate, many owners have to throw off a fairly large amount precisely because there is no balcony. But at the same time, by making an extension, in the future, you can not only increase the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment, but also sell it much more profitably.
Currently, the construction of a balcony in an apartment is a very common phenomenon. At the same time, the owners of apartments on the upper floors almost always begin to complete their area.
As an option, you can consider an innovative invention - a balcony-window that performs a dual function. True, the usable area will practically not increase. But more on that below.
No construction is complete without a design procedure. If there is no balcony, and the owner wants to build it, first of all, you should draw up a sketch of the future balcony. At the same time, one should not forget that the design should be in harmony with the overall facade of the building. For design, a drawing is created, according to which in the future it will be easy to calculate the amount of consumables.
Now there are a lot of computer programs that allow you to create a project and see the future design in a 3D image.
The ideal option is to use the services of a competent and professional architect or builder, because the main thing is not only beauty, but also strength, structural strength.
If there is no balcony, then you can build it yourself.
There are several ways to fix a balcony:
If there is no balcony, but it is planned to build it, then with self-construction it is better to use brackets or extensions. Basically, the owners of apartments on the ground floor are deprived of additional convenience. The ideal option in this case is a metal frame, which will be attached to the wall of the building. At correct installation, in the future, neighbors who live higher can also increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe balcony.
The creation of the structure begins with the manufacture of the frame, for which you will need metal corners (6 * 6 cm), for the parapet (4.5 * 4.5 cm). The base should be in the shape of an isosceles right triangle. After welding work are finished, the structure must be attached to the wall with anchor bolts. A metal frame is welded into the area of the upper shelves, which serves as a support for the floor of the future balcony.
The next stage is the strengthening of the parapet, the dismantling of the window block and the creation of a doorway. Then flooring is performed, floor insulation. Under the base should be a sheet of metal. It will protect against fires and penetration.
For outer skin most commonly used sheets of corrugated board. The final stage - balcony glazing, insulation.
Not necessarily a balcony can be standard. On the first floor, some people prefer balconies with takeaway. This method allows you to maximize the usable area. In order for the building to look perfect and have an aesthetic appearance, you need to consider external decoration.
Some prefer to make an extension of the attached balcony on the foundation. The most common options for building a balcony with your own hands are attached. In this case, the balcony will rest on the foundation and be attached to the facade wall.
Attached structures have advantages over suspended structures - they can be safely attached using a large reach from the wall, which creates much more usable space.
The whole procedure begins with the construction of the foundation. A pit is dug and foundation blocks are installed. Important - the depth of the foundation should be made such that it does not exceed the depth of freezing of the soil. The height of the foundation of the building and extension must be identical. decorative trim the foundation of the attached balcony should be made in the same style as the building.
Next steps - construction brickwork, which forms the walls of the building and directly the balcony. The walls are attached as closely as possible to the facade of the building. Be sure to complete all waterproofing work. Experts recommend using double waterproofing when building a balcony with your own hands. Thus, the building will be protected from groundwater or moisture. Almost always the roof of such a balcony is a slab of the upper floor. But in this case, it all depends on the owner of the building. You can make an independent roof.
The next steps are insulation and glazing of the structure. Panoramic glazing is now considered stylish and fairly common. Depending on the function of the balcony, cold or warm glazing can be made. Many prefer not only the insulation of the facade, but also the installation of heating radiators inside the balcony. The final stage is the internal and external decoration of the structure.
If there is no balcony, then you don’t have to be particularly upset, because today there are a lot of various building innovations that have already been introduced. One of them is a window-balcony. The design is truly unique, because an ordinary window can easily be transformed into small balcony with railings. Danish developers made a splash by creating such a design. Now it is widely used in country cottages and performs the function of not only a balcony, but also an emergency fire exit.
With the help of a balcony window, you can make the attic more spacious, fill it with daylight. This design is considered an innovation and a practical solution for those who want to get a beautiful landscape from the window, access to the air directly from the masandra.
The window becomes a balcony in seconds. After lifting the top section, you need to push the bottom forward. Everything - you can go out and breathe fresh air. Mounting method - upper hinges. It can be used as a balcony or just a window that will open for ventilation. The only drawback is the rather expensive cost of the system. This design is available only to wealthy people.
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The balcony is a very comfortable place to store and relax. This is an additional place for work, plants, gym. If a balcony is not provided, and you live on the first two floors, then you can do it.
But the most difficult part, perhaps, is the preparation of documents.
If this is not done, they can completely demolish your building or be fined. After all, building without a permit is illegal.
Be sure to provide the following papers:
The easiest way is to contact notaries, they will quickly collect everything Required documents without forgetting the little things.
The extension will not only make life easier, but also increase the value of the apartment for sale. After all, many first of all pay attention to the presence of a balcony.
Without a project, you will not succeed in any construction. First of all, draw a sketch of the future extension. It is already possible to calculate materials on it. It is important to enter the design so as not to disfigure the appearance of the building and take into account all the needs. It is better if you contact an architect or builder, since mistakes in this matter can be quite expensive, both in terms of materials and time. But now there are excellent programs that give an idea of the building in its entirety. The appearance, the strength of the selected materials, and well-chosen dimensions are important.
Balcony fixing methods:
If you decide to build a balcony yourself, it is best to use extensions or brackets.
Create a structure:
There are ready-made and made frames of balconies, it is enough to weld them to the wall. Be sure to decorate the balcony with aesthetic decorative elements.
You can make a foundation under an attached balcony, this can really expand the area (the design is safer than a suspended one).
To begin with, the foundation itself is being erected. A pit is dug under it, in which blocks for the foundation will then be installed. The depth of the pit is best calculated by a professional, it is important to calculate the level of soil freezing. The depth of the foundation itself should not exceed this parameter. The height of the foundation and the future balcony must match. From a decorative point of view, you need to combine the balcony and the building.
Then brickwork is erected, which will be the main walls of the extension. Try to make it as close to the front as possible. The extension must comply with waterproofing standards. It is better to carry out double waterproofing. It is important to protect the extension from ground water and high levels of humidity. The roof usually coincides with the slab of the upper floor, or is made independent.
The entire structure must be insulated and glazed. It is very fashionable now to use panoramic glazing. Cold and warm glazing is suitable for such a balcony; for additional comfort, you can install radiators or electric heaters.
Do not forget to externally put the balcony in order. Think over the design and additional elements.
This is a new trend in design, quite attractive and simple. This design has several provisions. For example, an ordinary-looking window can be easily converted into a small balcony with handrails. Good for country house. Can be used as an emergency exit.
But, unfortunately, this Danish development has not yet taken root with us.
Photo: babyblog.ru, yaplakal.com
.The balcony is not only a decorative element, but also a place where you can relax, sit with friends or even work! But if for a city apartment this is really a multifunctional area, then in a private house a balcony is no longer so popular.
Even at the stage of designing a house, it is advisable to decide whether a balcony is needed, and if so, how much. Most often, balconies are loved by city dwellers who are not yet accustomed to their own garden. After all, the advantages of a balcony are undeniable:
But there are many drawbacks to the balcony in a private house. So, for morning coffee it is much more convenient to go to the terrace, and not to go up to the second floor back to the room. Gatherings with friends are also transferred to the gazebo, making the balcony an exclusively decorative part of the facade. And the financial side of the issue does not speak in favor of balconies - such a house will cost much more.
Having decided on the construction of a balcony, it is worth considering its design and location well. It can be a cantilever (hanging in the air), attached, or a balcony located in the attic, leaning on the walls of the house (options 1,2 and 3 in the photo). Constructive decisions differ in the method of fixing balcony slabs:
The cantilevered plate is used only for balconies up to 1 meter wide. A balcony on beams can be a little wider - up to 1.2 m, and on brackets a width of 1.5 m is acceptable. But using supports, you can not limit yourself and build a whole terrace.
In this case, it is desirable to immediately install a visor that will protect from the sun and rain. It should protrude beyond the perimeter of the balcony area by at least 10 cm in front and 20 cm on the sides. If this is the windward side, then the visor must be at least doubled to protect against oblique rain.
On the balcony without a visor will come in handy Garden swing with awning roof. It is desirable to choose folding models with coasters for drinks. In winter, the swings simply fold up and stow away in the house, and in summer it is a great place to relax, where you can even sleep.
If for installation balcony slab professional calculations are needed on the beams, then using additional supports, you can confidently build a balcony with your own hands. Stages of construction of a wooden balcony:
The balcony railing is made at least 1.1 m high. If it is planned to be solid, a gap must be left between the railing and the balcony slab for water to drain. Even at the stage of erecting the supports, the installation of the balcony should be planned with a slope of 2% towards the drain - otherwise the water will linger on the floor.
The principle of building a concrete balcony is the same, only instead of wooden beams channels are used, and a small groove should be made along the entire edge of the underside of the slab - a “teardrop”. It protects the walls of the house from drops of water that can flow from the balcony and reach the junction of the balcony with the house. Without such a groove, any waterproofing will be ineffective, and with heavy slanting rain, the places where the channels enter the wall will get wet.
If the house is built and already inhabited, and the balcony is very necessary, you can simply attach it! It can be erected both on a strip foundation and on a columnar one. The depth of the foundation is standard - below the freezing of the soil.
A lighter foundation adjacent to the main building cannot be connected “tightly”, but only with the help of an expansion joint. Otherwise, with inevitable shrinkage, one of the foundations will inevitably be destroyed.
To do this, after installing the formwork, any elastic material is laid close to the old foundation - rigid mineral wool or polystyrene foam 1-2 cm thick and concrete is poured. After the new foundation has hardened, the joint is filled with an elastic sealant.
The formwork in this case is placed close to the building and filled with a cement-sand mixture.
If there is no confidence in the stability of the soil, it is rational to apply a compromise that combines an elastic and rigid connection. To do this, steel ruffs are fixed in the foundation with a layer of glue, which will provide the necessary mobility without destroying the concrete. A construction sealant is applied to the entire surface, and the free ends of the ruffs are closed with plastic bushings.
How to make an "additional" balloon? There are two mounting methods:
In the first case, the principle of construction is practically the same as a balcony on cantilever beams. Unless these beams are based not on the walls of the house, but on the base board. Such a balcony will not be able to withstand heavy loads, so it is not recommended to install furniture on it.
If you use slopes - wooden brackets with an additional transverse beam attached to them, the reliability of the structure increases. The tree itself is quite plastic, so you don’t have to worry about different shrinkage and deformation of the walls.
In order not to rent heavy equipment to lift the finished concrete slab, you can make formwork and pour the slab yourself:
Do not make a solid wall on open balcony- Rain and melt water will stagnate, it will have to be removed manually each time. Forged railings look much more impressive.
If you want to make a small hinged balcony, the video describes the basic principles of the reinforcement mesh and its attachment to the wall:
When buying an apartment, many people immediately dismiss the options on the lower floors, knowing full well that, according to the project, there may not be a balcony there. Who wants to lose the opportunity to increase the area of their apartment in the future? So understand the desire of people to attach makeshift balconies to the first or second floor apartment building- quite understandable. Another question is, is it possible to build a balcony with your own hands from scratch?
If you need permission, then how to get it, what materials are needed for its manufacture, what project of the balcony on the first floor is the best, etc. Of course, there are many questions, but if we start to figure it out step by step, then everything will fall into place. The main thing is that you make sure that the construction of balconies on the first floor with your own hands is quite realistic. The decision has been made, I want a balcony - it remains to find out how to make a balcony with your own hands?
The completion of the balcony, as well as the loggia with your own hands, can only be done by obtaining a building permit, since any reorganization of the apartment requires the approval of the project and the receipt of relevant documents.
Balcony extension on the first floor
Such a provision, by the way, is also mandatory in the case of the removal of a balcony or any other reconstruction, since any unauthorized actions that entail a modification of the living space are prohibited by law.
Advice: It would be useful to first contact the architectural department of the municipality and clarify the nuances associated with your home. Perhaps the issue of building permits will disappear immediately, for example, if it is an architectural monument.The procedure for obtaining a permit for redevelopment is quite lengthy. So, if you need a balcony on the 1st floor, then be patient - you will have to bypass more than one instance.
You can also contact intermediary organizations, where they will help speed up the execution of the package of documents necessary to start construction. By the way, since experienced lawyers mostly work there, they will also be able to suggest how to legalize the unauthorized construction of a balcony with their own hands.
Do-it-yourself balcony: do-it-yourself photo of a hanging building
The design of the balcony should fit into the facade of the house, turn out to be strong and reliable, and this requires a competent calculation. Boast of special knowledge in this area, few people can. That is why it is better to entrust the design of a future extension to professionals with the appropriate qualifications. They know how to correctly calculate the future building: its resistance to stress, the consumption of materials. In addition, according to the finished sketches, it is very easy to imagine how it will look.
Hanging type balcony drawing
If the extension is supposed to be on the 2nd floor, the strategy is somewhat different. It is quite possible to make such a building with your own hands, especially if the second floor is not so high. In this case, you have to take into account the opinion of your neighbors and enlist their consent. Often, neighbors agree with each other and make the balcony extension a solid monolith - from the first to the third.
Important: there may already be an extension on the ground floor, then the superstructure must correspond to its dimensions.To date, you can attach a balcony on the ground floor with your own hands in two ways, which fundamentally differ in the technique of fastening and the complexity of the device.
We will analyze the device of the balcony with our own hands in both options. Let's start with the technology of building a balcony on the foundation with your own hands.
Do-it-yourself brick building
Installation of a balcony on the foundation begins with its marking. How do you make a building with your own hands smooth and stable? The main guarantor of the reliability of future construction is the correct marking of the foundation.
Correct layout of the foundation
The scheme of work is as follows:
Reinforced concrete slab on the foundation for an extension
Reinforced concrete blocks are suitable for building a reliable and durable foundation.
Important: the laid foundation for the future construction of the balcony and the foundation of the house itself must remain at the same level.The next important point in the do-it-yourself extension device is the issue of waterproofing. High-quality insulation will protect the walls of the building from groundwater. It is recommended to lay waterproofing material about 10 cm above the blind area. The attached structure makes it possible to build a basement under it with your own hands. In this case, the waterproofing should be double.
The overlap of the building most often serves simultaneously as the floor of the structure. For the stability of the structure, it is important that during its installation, the reinforcement passes through the places of the greatest tension of the plates.
Brickwork of a building on a foundation
For the construction of extension walls, brick is most often used. The height of the side walls must match the maximum height of the extension. As for the front, it is erected to the place where the balcony is glazed. Balcony masonry usually has a thickness of 25 cm.
The area of the balcony of the first floor is larger than the overlap of the second floor slab, so a suspended roof was installed
Next, a metal canopy is installed for the future roof. A waterproofing vapor-permeable membrane is laid on it, on top of which a wooden crate is arranged. It is on it that the roofing material will be laid.
On a note: in recent times Ondulin became the most demanded: unlike, for example, corrugated board, it is silent during rain.The frame of the suspended balcony is obtained by connecting the base to the roof with the help of vertical racks. When installing an extension with your own hands, it is extremely important to perform a reliable fastening, to weld the building correctly. A one-piece frame of a suspended structure is attached along the entire height to the house. To do this, use metal anchors of at least 20 cm. The upper part of the frame of the building is fixed with studs through the wall.
Hanging balcony frame
An example of a do-it-yourself hanging structure
On a note: hinged-type buildings are cheaper than attached ones on the foundation. True, in this case there is no way to make a cellar under the resulting building. The same technology can be used to expand the balcony with a takeaway.Do-it-yourself balcony: wooden frame installation video
Often apartments differ in the size of individual rooms, and most often this applies to the kitchen. It may simply be larger than the usual area, or the apartment may be converted into a studio. In any case, a bar counter is often placed in such rooms, since it is not only stylish, but also practical - in modern world families are rarely at the dinner table. For this, a bar stool made by yourself is suitable for you.
No one is telling you to forget about furniture stores and do everything yourself. I saw photos of bar stools from various catalogs of popular furniture stores, and therefore I can say that it is quite possible to make a similar chair yourself.
Moreover, pieces of furniture, to which the owner had a hand, become a real decoration of the house, while also warming the soul.
In addition, at self-manufacturing you will have more options to create a chair that you think will best fit into the interior of the room. What can I say if you like to work with your own hands.
The first step is to determine the height of the chair. It will depend just on the height of the bar counter. At the same time, keep in mind that the exclusive bar stool handmade should be not only beautiful, but also comfortable, and this applies to both how you sit on it and how you sit on it. only after that comes the design time.
In fact, you can start with appearance, only then it may turn out that it needs to be adjusted due to ergonomic features.
Regarding the design, you first need to decide on the number of legs, and whether they will be at all. The best option in this regard would be a chair with four legs - it is both reliable and practical, and easier to implement.
It will add convenience and the presence of a back, to which armrests can be added. If you are going to often sit on it while eating, then it is better to immediately think at least about the back.
Next comes the upholstery of the chair, if there is one at all. A completely wooden chair will look great in almost any interior, in addition, if it is varnished or painted, it will work in other cases.
If you are making a bar stool with your own hands from wood, then you will need about ten separate finished parts for it. The same applies to other materials for the chair.
Regarding the choice of material, it is worth saying that hardwoods such as maple, beech or plain oak are best suited. In general, when creating a chair on your own, wood will act as the most the best option, in the ratio of results to efforts. In addition, wooden chairs look very good in the house.
Having decided on the drawings of the bar stool, you need to get the materials. Everything you may need in the process can be bought at any hardware store or hardware supermarket. Regarding the details of the chair itself, it is better to go and order them in the workshop. With your dimensions, the parts necessary for the construction will be cut out quite inexpensively.
Depending on the design you have chosen, there may be more than ten details, in addition, upholstery materials will be added to them, which will also need to be somehow attached to the chair.
In addition, after you assemble the chair, it will not be out of place to impregnate it with a primer to protect it from moisture, in case you do not plan to cover it with varnish or paint.
As for do-it-yourself metal bar stools, there will be certain difficulties. Such option is suitable you, only if you are used to working with metal, have the right tools and can make the necessary parts yourself. In addition, if you do not plan to make connectors for fasteners, you will also need to work with welding.
In contrast, a wooden chair can be assembled with a screwdriver, a simple hacksaw, self-tapping screws and sandpaper on hand. The description is rather superficial, but extremely simple showing the difference.
Despite the fact that there are a lot of ideas for making bar stools, and this applies to both the Internet and magazines, it always comes down to one thing - melting measurements.
First you need to decide on the height of your chair. It should be about 35-40 centimeters below the bar counter - this is the distance from the counter top to the chair seat. After that, you can safely make drawings, or use ready-made ones that you can easily find on the net.
For the simplest bar stool, you will need four legs, preferably the same number of legs, and the seat itself. In the case of the presence of a back, you need to make two legs longer, by about 30-35 centimeters, since their protruding part will become the basis of the back.
During all stages without problems, you can make a mistake. This can apply both to measurements and to the preparation of parts. To do this, it is better to check your measurements several times before entering them into the drawings, or cut off an unnecessary part of the part.
Ready-made drawings, which I have repeatedly mentioned above, will be able to help you with this. This is especially true for those who have never designed them before. The main thing is not to rush anywhere and work for the result, and not for show.
