Most people believe that food poisoning is necessarily accompanied by severe vomiting and intestinal upset.
Often what is mistaken for acute poisoning is considered PTI - this is a toxic-type food infection. Pathology is short-term, has an acute course, and exotoxins or pathogenic microflora become the cause of its manifestation.
The victim of food poisoning shows symptoms of gastroenteritis, accompanied by a failure in the water-salt metabolism.
Attacks of poisoning are not accompanied by emetic reactions, since this process occurs due to the action of certain toxins.
Food products are dangerous due to the fact that pathogenic microflora is characterized by the ability to produce exotoxins. It can be an enterotoxin or a cytotoxin.
Enterotoxins, after entering the body along with spoiled foods, provoke the production of excess salts and fluid in the intestines.
In the presence of cytotoxins inside a person, defects develop on the mucous membranes of the stomach or intestinal section.
The patient has a violation of protein synthesis. Food poisoning that is not accompanied by vomiting can occur due to several reasons:
Additionally, similar poisonings are noted in other situations. For example, a worker working in food production suffers from purulent lesions of the skin, tonsillitis or pharyngitis. The occurrence of poisoning will contribute to the consumption of dairy products from animals with mastitis.
The risk group includes people suffering from reduced or unformed immunity. For this reason, the diagnosis of PTI is noted in women during the period of gestation and in young children.
The main role in intoxication is assigned to exotoxin, which turned out to be in the human body. Everything will depend on its properties and characteristics, as well as dosage.
Due to exposure to enterotoxins, the development of impressive defects in the epithelial cells of the intestine and stomach is noted.
The patient may suffer from diarrhea and vomiting.
Why does food poisoning occur without vomiting? If there are not very many enterotoxins or cytotoxins in the body of the victim, then this is possible. The patient has a pronounced permeability of the intestinal mucosa, inflammation begins in the cavity of the organ and problems with microcirculation. The condition is aggravated by symptoms of general intoxication of the body.
Therefore, a reaction to low-quality food usually occurs within a few hours after eating it. The patient feels a sharp decline in strength, accompanied by a number of specific symptoms.
PTI or food poisoning without the presence of vomiting passes quickly, 3 days are enough to recover.
It is pleasant that the development of serious complications is almost impossible.
The first manifestations of the disease occur after a few days (2-3), after the patient has eaten poor-quality foods. In people with a weakened gastrointestinal tract, the clinical picture of poisoning occurs much earlier. The patient has a general malaise, and the aggravation of the situation will depend on the age, dosage of exotoxin and the condition of the patient's body.
Poisoning, which does not differ in the usual symptoms and proceeds without vomiting, has a mild course and disappears after a few days. The following signs are noted:
High sensitivity to food poisoning is noted in children. Even if the dose of exotoxins is minimal, a feverish state is observed in such small patients. Diarrhea does not always occur, and vomiting will still be present. In this situation, an ambulance call is required, otherwise the baby's body will suffer greatly from severe dehydration.
You should pay attention! During the period of violation of the water-salt balance in the body, the process of urine output does not occur. The lips turn pale, their dryness is expressed, with the formation of microcracks. Sometimes, children cry, but the tears don't come.
When poisoning occurs, the body tries to cope with intoxication on its own. For this reason, severe vomiting and diarrhea occur so that the toxins come out on their own. The danger of a course of poisoning without vomiting is that all poisons will remain inside.
First of all, they ask themselves whether intoxication with the absence of a habitual symptom is capable of being not the cause of toxic damage, but a sign of the development of an infectious type of disease. It is likely, because bacteria and pathogenic microflora could already penetrate to the intestines from the stomach cavity.
3 hours is enough for such a phenomenon to occur. Over time, the patient's condition changes, and the following symptoms appear:
The deterioration of the condition does not occur abruptly, a smooth course is observed.
Some of the intestinal infections are fully revealed only after a few days.
This is usually not the case for toxic-type lesions.
Despite the fact that the symptoms can differ depending on the picture of the disease, any alarming symptom should be a reason to call a doctor. Provided that the cause of poisoning lies in the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, signs of the disease will appear up to 10 days. The exception is children, whose metabolism is more rapid, so it will take less time to detect symptoms.
In case of severe poisoning, qualified assistance is required. Especially if the patient has a Salmonella lesion or botulism.
The process of intoxication without diarrhea or vomiting has no pronounced symptoms and is mild, but it still needs to be stopped.
Often, to get rid of the toxic effect, vomiting is caused to soften the process, the patient drinks 1 liter of water, sometimes it is salted, and then pressed on the root of the tongue. Such manipulations help to cleanse the stomach, food remains come out of it, and with them toxins.
If you have pain in the abdomen, you should think about possible problems with intestines. Most likely, toxins and bacteria have already been localized in it, in order to correct the situation, it is enough to use sorbents. With their help, the body is cleansed, during the period of intoxication they become a necessity. Sorbents absorb toxic substances and leave the body naturally.
Activated charcoal is considered a proven drug, it has been used in practice for more than one generation. Of the modern medicines, experts recommend - Polysorb, Polyphepan and Enterosgel.
Sometimes the use of sorbents is prohibited due to the individual characteristics of the organism or concomitant diseases.
For example, patients with intestinal obstruction or intestinal atony should refuse to take them. Since, due to such ailments, the sorbent, saturated with toxins, will not be able to come out naturally. In addition, these drugs are dangerous for peptic ulcers, so a specialist consultation is required before taking them.
In some cases, laxatives may be used. Currently, there is a sufficient choice of products that will allow you to quickly and efficiently cleanse the intestines. When choosing a technique, it is worth having a conversation with a doctor.
During the period of medical therapy, the patient is required to provide enough drinking to protect him from possible dehydration.
Liquid in large quantities contributes to the accelerated removal of toxins and stabilization of metabolic processes.
This measure requires drinking clean water, it is better that it be boiled. Sometimes it is permissible to use fruit drink, jelly, mineral water without gas or weak tea. Often, doctors prescribe herbal teas from plants that have an anti-inflammatory effect. During therapy, potassium and magnesium are actively washed out of the body, therefore, replenishment of these elements is required to ensure the normal functioning of the heart and other systems.
If the symptoms do not go away for more than 5 days, then you need to go to the hospital.
The patient should conduct a full examination with the appointment of tests to determine the cause of a prolonged deterioration in well-being.
In order to protect yourself from intestinal infection, you should carefully select products for your table. Also, you can not neglect personal hygiene measures, try to use napkins and antiseptics when you are in nature.
Heat treatment is required in full, if this process is not completed, then there is a high risk of harm to the body. Even the freshest, at first glance, foods can cause poisoning without vomiting.
Food poisoning in an adult, the symptoms and treatment of which is an actual problem for many, often occurs in warm time of the year.
All such poisonings are divided into two types: toxic and infectious. Toxic poisoning occurs if toxic substances enter the human digestive tract with food and water. The latter include poisons of both mineral and organic origin.
Infectious poisoning occurs under the influence of microorganisms that produce toxic substances in the course of their life. They enter the human stomach along with poor-quality, poorly cooked products, as well as those that have expired.
Poisoning can occur due to violation of the rules of personal hygiene.
When toxic substances enter the human digestive tract, they very quickly enter the bloodstream and are carried by it throughout the body. Some signs of poisoning of the body appear after 2-3 hours. If we are talking about infectious poisoning, then there is a danger of infecting others. Therefore, it is important for everyone to know the symptoms and treatment of food poisoning.
Signs of food poisoning:
In the case of particularly severe poisoning, substances that have entered the body can cause visual and auditory hallucinations and convulsions. This indicates damage to the nervous system and requires serious treatment.
If there are at least a few signs of severe food poisoning, it is recommended to call an ambulance. It should be remembered that intoxication of the body occurs within a few hours, so deterioration often leads to unpredictable consequences. Such poisoning is especially dangerous for people with reduced immunity. These include the elderly, pregnant women, and people who have recently had a serious illness or surgery.
There are several simple rules, compliance with which will avoid many diseases in general and food poisoning in particular.
It is necessary to follow the rules of personal hygiene. First of all, we are talking about washing hands with soap after contact with places of increased concentration of infections. These include all places where people gather and are associated with the spontaneous decomposition of biological waste. The latter primarily include toilet rooms and areas for the accumulation of household waste. In addition, you need to thoroughly wash your hands every time before eating.
The quality of products should be controlled. For eating, you can use only those dishes that have an expiration date in order. Cooking ingredients must be fresh and of good quality. You can not violate the conditions of storage of products. Fresh vegetables and fruits should be washed thoroughly before consumption. It is not recommended to buy products of private livestock farms that do not have certificates of passing veterinary control. If, nevertheless, such a purchase was made, it is necessary to subject all products to heat treatment. You should be careful when buying promotional products, especially if you plan to purchase them for the future. Very often, stores reduce prices precisely in connection with the ending expiration dates.
Any first aid is always first aid, but in no case does it replace it. In case of serious poisoning, it is imperative to contact a medical facility. Mild poisoning in adults, accompanied by short-term vomiting and diarrhea and occurring without fever, can be treated on its own.
Any person should know the symptoms, and the treatment of food poisoning should be carried out under medical supervision.
First aid, as a rule, involves the elimination of what led to the disease, and the primary neutralization of the consequences. In case of food poisoning, the first thing to do is to flush the stomach and intestines.
To do this, you need to provoke vomiting, if this process did not start spontaneously. The simplest and fastest way will be physiological - pressing on the root of the tongue, which in itself activates the vomiting processes. However, if possible, it is better to let the patient drink 100-150 ml of a 10% solution of baking soda (1 tsp without top in half a glass of water). During the chemical reaction of soda with the acid contained in the gastric juice, a large volume of gas is released, under the influence of which the stomach is cleansed most completely.
Further, the poisoned person, in the absence of diarrhea, needs to make a plentiful enema or give a laxative in order to actively remove substances that have managed to pass into the intestines. An enema is preferred because the body loses less water with this method. It is desirable to use a laxative in the form of suppositories, since tablets and syrups will irritate the mucous membrane, and possibly be rejected by the body.
After cleansing the stomach, the patient must be given a drink. a large number of water.
It is water that you need to drink, since any other liquids can irritate the gastrointestinal tract and increase negative impact toxic substances. The water drunk by the patient should be as much as possible, but it must be consumed in small portions. First, water helps to remove toxins from the body. Secondly, due to vomiting and bowel cleansing, dehydration can occur. However, with a portion of water more than a glass at a time, the probability of its rejection is high. If the drunk water is immediately rejected by the stomach even with a small amount, the patient should be given mineral water without gas or salted plain water. Weakly brewed black tea without sugar has a strengthening effect. But the impact will be beneficial only for people who regularly consume tea. Otherwise, the body's reaction to a new product may be unpredictable.
After suppressing vomiting, the poisoned person should be given activated charcoal at the rate of 1 tablet for every 10 kg of body weight. Due to its high sorption capacity, activated charcoal well collects toxins from the digestive tract that have not had time to be absorbed into the bloodstream. Therefore, the sooner it is taken, the more effective the impact will be. This drug cannot cause harm, so do not be afraid of an overdose.
If diarrhea and vomiting do not stop for a long time, you need to call an ambulance.
Typically, with strong food poisoning the symptoms and treatment are the same, but there may also be some features that require qualified medical attention.
In case of a significant increase in temperature, it is recommended to apply a cold wiping with water or a highly diluted solution of acetic acid (1 tbsp. Food grade 9% vinegar per 1 liter of water). The use of tablets is not recommended, because. they irritate the already damaged mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. Injections will be a more favorable means of treatment. But you can put them on your own only as a last resort. With a stable rise in temperature, an immediate call to an ambulance is recommended, since only a doctor can correctly determine the degree of poisoning and correctly remove intoxication.
Also, an ambulance call is necessary if the patient loses consciousness or begins to hallucinate. Self-medication in such a situation can be life-threatening.
After poisoning, the gastrointestinal tract needs time to recover. Therefore, during the first day, it is advisable to refuse food altogether. In this case, you need to continue to drink plenty of water. Its approximate amount can be calculated, focusing on the volume of fluids excreted from the body.
As a rule, patients in the first day after poisoning do not have an appetite. If the desire to eat began to manifest itself, in no case should you start with heavy food. The patient is given weakly brewed black tea or dried fruit compote. The most preferred option would be raisin compote, as it contains a large amount of potassium, the loss of which during the cleansing of the gastrointestinal tract, as a rule, is high. Next, decoctions of herbs and berry fruit drinks are introduced. To maintain strength, you can add a small amount of sugar. Starting from the second day, soups on vegetable broth and dairy-free cereals are introduced into the patient's diet. This is followed by boiled low-fat fish, poultry and meat dishes, boiled or baked vegetables and fruits, crackers, kefir.
Within a week after poisoning, you should refrain from such products:
These products should be introduced gradually and with great care.
Thus, food poisoning can be avoided by following simple rules. If symptoms of food poisoning are found in adults, it is necessary to provide the victim with first aid, which consists in cleaning the gastrointestinal tract. If signs of intoxication of the body cannot be eliminated on their own, you should consult a doctor.
What to do in case of poisoning? This question confuses many people, despite the prevalence of the phenomenon. Food poisoning can affect anyone, both at home and in catering establishments. Anyone should know what to do in case of food poisoning. Knowing how to treat yourself or another person for food poisoning in a timely manner at home can save a life.
You can get poisoning from ignorance of plants, especially mushrooms, with poor-quality nutrition. For the prevention of pathology, it is important to be able to recognize a spoiled product and get rid of it in time. Especially dangerous is the poisoning of children, who can eat anything. Any parent should know what to take and what to do when a child is poisoned.
In general, poisoning is a violation of the functions internal organ person as a result of exposure to a poison or toxin. It is expressed in the form varying degrees body intoxication. Taking into account the toxic component, the following types lesions: poisoning carbon monoxide, pesticides, acids and alkalis, medications as well as food poisoning. Toxic substances can enter the body through the respiratory tract (inhalation route), through the skin (percutaneous type), by injection (parenteral type) and through the mouth (oral route) along with food or drink.
According to the severity of the lesion, the following degrees of poisoning are distinguished: mild, moderate, severe and extremely severe. As a result of pathology, intoxication of the body occurs, which is divided into the following types:
The most characteristic groups of substances capable of toxic effects in domestic conditions are alcohol and its surrogates, cauterizing and washing liquids, carbon monoxide, certain drugs, mushrooms and berries, and low-quality products.
Food poisoning is an acute disorder of the digestive system resulting from the consumption of spoiled or poisonous foods and drinks. The following types of such pathology are distinguished: toxic-infectious and toxic (non-infectious) food poisoning. Toxic infections penetrate the stomach along with food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms. The most common pathogens are:
Non-infectious poisoning occurs when natural and chemical poisons and toxins penetrate with food. The most characteristic are the most dangerous poisonings with poisonous mushrooms and berries. When using poorly washed and unprocessed products, a variety of pesticides used for pollination or plant nutrition can enter the body. A common cause is the presence of nitrates. Alcohol poisoning also falls into this category. They can arise from both excessive amounts and the use of surrogates. Taking, for example, methyl alcohol can result in death or very serious damage to the central nervous system. Direct chemical poisoning can be obtained by consuming vinegar.
In case of food poisoning, symptoms appear depending on the degree of damage and etiological causes. General signs of pathology can be noted: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence, bloating, discomfort and heaviness in the stomach, chills, weakness, headache, profuse salivation, tachycardia.
Different types of poisoning have characteristic features:
What to do with acute food poisoning at home? Most importantly, in acute pathology, first aid is needed for poisoning. Such emergency measures include gastric lavage, the introduction of sorbents, providing drinking regime, restoration of water and salt balance. The final stage of treatment should be restorative and preventive procedures.
The solution to the question of what to do in case of stomach poisoning at home begins with an urgent washing of the gastrointestinal tract. This is the very first aid for poisoning. The purpose of this procedure is the urgent removal of toxins and food debris. In this case, cleaning with artificial vomiting helps. This event is carried out in the following order:
At the next stage, it is necessary to take a sorbent for food poisoning, i.e. a substance that absorbs harmful elements of gastric contents. Such a tool helps to quickly remove the toxins remaining after washing. Activated carbon finds the widest application as a sorbent preparation. It is sold in pharmacies in the form of standard tablets. The dose of the injected sorbent is calculated from the following condition: 1 tablet for every 10 kg of human body weight.
Activated charcoal is more convenient to take in case of poisoning in the form of an aqueous solution: the entire dose is mixed in boiled water (100 ml) at normal temperature. In a pharmacy, you can buy a white variety of it instead of ordinary coal. Such a substance absorbs toxins, but does not affect useful components.
As effective sorbents, you can drink ready-made preparations in case of poisoning - Smecta, Laktofiltrum, Enterosgel.
The acute course of the pathology leads to rapid dehydration of the body as a result of vomiting and profuse diarrhea. Under these conditions, it is important to remember that you need to drink a lot to compensate for fluid losses. Only in this way can the water balance be maintained, and to restore the electrolyte balance, table salt should be added to the water (at the rate of 10-15 g per 1 liter of water). For effective treatment, you need to drink at least 2.5-3 liters of water per day.
Drinking salted water is recommended to alternate with the use of sweet weak tea. In addition, to maintain the necessary mineral balance and complete rehydration of the body, it is recommended to take Regidron and Oralit, which include the necessary trace elements, salts and glucose.
If the poisoning is due to toxic infections, then you can not do without drug therapy to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. After preliminary cleaning of the stomach and stopping severe vomiting, agents are prescribed to restore the intestinal microflora: Hilak forte, Linex, Mezim. If the temperature rises above 37.8 ° C, antipyretic drugs should be taken: Paracetamol, Ibuprofen. If necessary, specific antibiotics are taken according to the doctor's prescription. The use of painkillers is not recommended.
An important condition for the treatment of acute poisoning is to provide a regimen therapeutic fasting. During the first day, it is necessary to provide bed rest and completely refuse to eat (only drinks). In the next 2 days, you can introduce jelly, crackers without additives, liquid mashed potatoes, oatmeal on the water. Improvement in the general condition of the affected person occurs quickly after the necessary procedures, but complete recovery occurs after 3-5 days. During this period, small residual symptoms are possible in the form of flatulence, weakness, mild pain.
Prevention of poisoning consists in observing all hygiene measures, proper storage of products and control of their quality. When using products, you need to monitor compliance with the following rules: do not use products with an expired shelf life; food should not have an unnatural color and taste, gas emissions, smell; turbidity and sediment are not allowed in drinks. Do not buy products with broken packaging. Particular attention should be paid to the use of mushrooms and berries: you can eat only plants in which there is no doubt. When preparing dinner, you must strictly follow the rules of heat treatment.
Anyone should know what to do in case of poisoning. Unfortunately, no one is immune from such trouble, and it is important to take all necessary measures in a timely manner and in full. Sometimes it happens that the delay in providing first aid ends very badly.
Food poisoning in children can be diagnosed at any age. There are many reasons for this, but in different cases you need to act differently. If alarming symptoms let you know that the child has been poisoned, proper first aid is required: this will make it possible not to bring to disastrous consequences. What to give a child with poisoning?
The child's body has high sensitivity Therefore, parents should be attentive to what their child uses and in what form. Even the most harmless at first glance products (milk, eggs, herbs, fruits) can be harmful to health if storage conditions are not followed. What are the causes of food poisoning?
The first symptoms of food poisoning are persistent vomiting and diarrhea. If the disease is actively developing, other signs are also connected. How long does it take to get poisoned in the body? How to "recognize" him? Food poisoning in a child is diagnosed in two hours, maximum - in a day. If for a short period of time vomiting has already been several times, the temperature is rising rapidly, then this indicates an intestinal infection and the action of toxins in the body.
The mild form of the disease is characterized by weakness in the body, allergic rashes on the skin, increased swelling, rapid breathing and pulse. Signs of poisoning in a child, in addition to diarrhea, vomiting, are pain in the stomach, heat, which is hard to bring down, abdominal pain, the process of dehydration, pressure reduction, dry mouth begins. Maximum dangerous symptom- this is vomiting and diarrhea without stopping, this is a signal that the body is severely dehydrated. In order to prevent a difficult condition, you need to urgently call an ambulance.
Household intoxication (through water, food) is a violation of the digestive tract. If a child vomits during poisoning, but there is no diarrhea, this indicates damage to the wall of the upper gastrointestinal tract. If chemical compounds that destroy epithelial cells enter the stomach, then the receptors are stimulated reflexively and the urge to vomit appears. Poisoning can be acute and chronic. The acute period is characterized by the rapid development of the disease. The chronic form activates new symptoms gradually, as toxicity increases (occurs with drug or alcohol intoxication).
Fever during intoxication is not uncommon. The temperature during poisoning in a child is a protective reaction of the body against "evil" microbes and toxins. It is impossible to understand only by fever what type of infection (infectious or non-infectious) has occurred, only tests can show this. What is the benefit of raising the temperature? Blood circulation improves, metabolism is faster, perspiration is accelerated, and harmful substances are gradually eliminated from the body. In such an environment, many bacteria die due to unfavorable conditions for development.
Temperature is dangerous when:
What to do in case of food poisoning:
How to treat poisoning, what first aid to provide yourself:
What medicines, tablets for poisoning can be used:
All of these drugs are approved for use in children. If the child is small, then it is harder to give him a pill. In this case, smecta is ideal: the prepared solution has a sweet taste (orange or vanilla), children easily take it. You can use it regardless of when the child took food, and the daily dose is calculated based on the age of the child (from 1 to 3 sachets per day). The daily volume is divided into several doses and can be added to liquid foods and drinks.
Urgent actions have been taken, the treatment process is being carried out successfully. It is not enough to cure a child from intoxication with drugs alone, the recovery process does not end there. Compliance is required right system nutrition. What to feed a child with poisoning? The first day is better not to eat, the digestion process is disturbed, you can provoke increased vomiting and diarrhea. It is better to give more to drink clean liquids.
From the second day after poisoning, fatty foods are excluded from the diet. You can not use dairy products to make cereals and eat food that irritates the digestive tract (raw vegetables, fruits, berries, sweets, canned food, smoked meats). All subsequent days, you can take broth, tea without sugar, crackers, vegetable casseroles, boiled or steamed fish, meat, rice broth, light soups, cereals (oatmeal, rice). In order to prevent in the first week, do not give the child eggs, yogurt, milk.
With food poisoning, the symptoms and their manifestations can be different. Everything will depend on the reasons that caused it, the amount of low-quality food taken the day before, the type of toxin and the type of infectious agent.
Food poisoning is a combination clinical manifestations, which imply acute digestive disorders, can also appear in conjunction with other symptoms that occur after eating low-quality foods.
In medical practice, it is customary to divide food poisoning into two groups:
Food poisoning has its own characteristics:
If the patient visits collective places (kindergartens, schools, work), then everyone who has been in contact with him for the last few days is quarantined.
Symptoms of the disease appear in the first hours and begin to develop rapidly. In spite of different kinds, signs of food poisoning have a number of similar characteristics:
Particular attention should be paid to the last symptom. Very often, with the development of a mild form of poisoning, diarrhea does not appear. Patients are in no hurry to visit a doctor and receive qualified assistance. This only aggravates the situation. Also, everyone should know that in a person with a bacterial intestinal infection, diarrhea can occur for 3-4 days. When poisoning with viral hepatitis, diarrhea can occur after a few weeks.
Signs of food poisoning caused by neurotoxic poisons may be accompanied by loss of vision, weakness of the muscular system, increased salivation, loss of consciousness, paralysis, hallucinations, weight loss.
Doctors have compiled symptoms of food poisoning, which are considered the most dangerous and can pose a threat to human life.
In case of poisoning with confectionery, patients feel: nausea, constant vomiting that does not stop even for a few minutes, spasmodic, cutting pains in the abdomen, weakness, dizziness, diarrhea may appear slightly or not at all, with severe dehydration there may be loss of consciousness.
Symptoms of fish food poisoning will look like this: vomiting, abdominal cramps, loss of control over coordination, dizziness, suffocation, temporary loss of consciousness. Food poisoning from fish is most often recorded among vacationers at resorts in hot countries. Not understanding the varieties of fish, and often inedible species live there, vacationers take it for food.
Besides:
Basically, this is botulism, which manifests itself within a few hours and progresses instantly. Patients report chills, fever, persistent diarrhea and vomiting. If you do not enter a special serum in the first hours, then death will occur in most cases.
The first signs of poisoning mainly appear only on the next day after taking a low-quality product. However, this is not always the case, and symptoms may appear even hours later.
Most often, poisoning with dairy products occurs in the summer. Since the heat treatment of this product takes place under unknown conditions (this applies to home-made products), the development of bacteria can take place in a short period of time. Patients indicate: epigastric pain, intestinal colic, nausea and vomiting, weakness, diarrhea, which is accompanied by severe pain.
Such intoxications are a direct threat to human life. The period of development of the disease is short - from 20 minutes to 24 hours. Patients indicate: muscle pain, fever, nausea, acute pain, diarrhea with blood, pallor or yellowness of the skin, problems with urination, decreased pressure and pulse, convulsions, suffocation, loss or confusion of consciousness.
To be poisoned by these products, it is necessary to take it in large doses. But it is worth remembering that for each organism the dose will be different. Such poisoning is dangerous to human life, as it can cause an alcoholic coma and death. Symptoms of food poisoning are quite vivid: incoherent speech, euphoria, loss of coordination of movement, inhibition of reflex activity, lack of pupillary response to light, cold sweat, loss of consciousness.
Basically, such poisoning occurs after taking food supplements of artificial origin. It is dangerous that the period of latent development can reach a week. The first signs of poisoning nutritional supplements: swelling of the limbs and face, rash on the body, severe itching, pain in a stomach.
Patients feel headache, which increases every hour, dry mouth, weakness, vomiting, diarrhea.
The causes of food poisoning can be various products that contain components hazardous to health. The main reasons are as follows:
Doctors have compiled a list of foods that most often cause food poisoning:
Signs of food poisoning in children are more pronounced. At the same time, it is worth knowing that manifestations such as vomiting can threaten the life of a child, especially under the age of one year. In the children's body, the gag reflex is poorly developed, so it is extremely difficult to cleanse the stomach of collected food and toxins. Considering that the body weight of the child is minimal, any manifestations of diarrhea are considered dangerous, there is a rapid dehydration of the body. It is enough to lose 0.5 liters of fluid, and this can lead to kidney failure, hypovolemic shock.
It is extremely difficult to provide qualified first aid to a child at home, most drugs are contraindicated for use in children. Therefore, in case of poisoning, hospitalization is carried out in the infectious diseases department, where cleansing enemas are administered, medications to flush out toxins. Food poisoning in children has a strong course and is accompanied by symptoms of lethargy, weakness of the heart rhythm, and diarrhea.
The condition of a pregnant woman in case of poisoning worsens due to the possible addition of toxicosis. Frequent urge to vomit, diarrhea can lead to thickening of the blood. Severe dehydration can lead to a decrease in oxytocin in the blood, which will cause uterine contractions and preterm labor. Acute poisoning in a pregnant woman requires immediate hospitalization and treatment only in a hospital.
In order to act on poisoning, symptoms and treatment must be interrelated. Only the correct determination of the type of toxin and the way it enters the body will ensure a quick effect and recovery.
When contacting a doctor, a diagnostic study is carried out, in which the type of causative agent of food poisoning is determined. Cultures of vomit, feces, blood are taken. If there is a suspicion of a specific product, then its laboratory tests are carried out.
If the suspected cause is a virus, then the blood is tested.
In a medical institution, the following therapeutic measures are carried out:
Therapeutic care for food poisoning consists in the normalization of digestive processes in the gastrointestinal tract and the complete removal of pathogenic bacteria.
Prevention in the fight against food poisoning is the first and reliable remedy, which will help protect a person from the development of the disease and unpleasant symptoms.
Food poisoning is a dangerous disease that is accompanied by unpleasant symptoms and manifestations.
It is worth remembering that it depends only on a person whether he gets sick or stays healthy.
Food poisoning is an acute indigestion caused by the consumption of poor-quality or toxic foods and drinks.
The last type of poisoning is the most dangerous. You don't have to fight them on your own. If a non-infectious nature of the poisoning is suspected, see a doctor immediately.
Also, regardless of the type of poisoning, qualified health care necessary for pregnant and lactating women, children and the elderly.
But usually people are faced with toxic infections that can be cured at home. Next, we will talk about what steps to take to cope with PTI on your own.
The course of food poisoning depends on the age and general condition of the person, as well as the type of pathogenic bacteria. But the general picture is this:
PTI has a short incubation period. The first signs appear 2–6 hours after ingestion and progress rapidly without treatment.
Step 1. Gastric lavage
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When the first symptoms appear, you need to remove the remnants of toxic food from the body. For this, the stomach is washed. actions are the same as for first aid.
Step 2. Take sorbents
zhkt.expert Sorbents are drugs that help remove toxins from the body. The most famous of these is activated carbon.
Activated carbon reduces the absorption of toxins, salts of heavy metals, alkaloids and other harmful substances into the gastrointestinal tract, and also promotes their removal from the body.
Dosage for poisoning: one tablet for every 10 kg of body weight.
In other words, if you weigh 70 kg, then you will need at least seven tablets. In severe cases, the dosage should be increased.
In case of poisoning, coal is best taken in the form of an aqueous suspension. To do this, crush the tablets and mix with 100 ml of boiled water at room temperature. The taste of this mixture is rather nasty, but it effectively fights poisoning.
You can also use white charcoal instead of regular charcoal. It is believed that this is a selective, concentrated sorbent. It not only removes toxins, but also preserves nutrients. In this case, the dosage is halved: for an adult, 2-4 tablets, depending on the degree of poisoning.
Instead of coal, other sorbents can be used (according to the instructions). For example, "Smektu", "Laktofiltrum", "Enterosgel" and others.
Step 3 Drink More
syl.ru Vomiting and diarrhea severely dehydrate the body - you need to replenish fluid losses and maintain water balance.
Drink at least 2-3 liters of boiled water per day.
You can also take special rehydration agents: Regidron, Oralit and others. These are powders and solutions containing mineral salts and glucose and preventing dehydration.
Other medicines
As for taking other drugs for toxic infections, there are several general rules:
Step 4. Follow the regimen and diet
fb.ru With a food infection, the patient feels severe weakness. You should adhere to bed rest and refuse food for the first day (if the appetite is disturbed and the body rejects food).
On the second or third day, you can afford jelly, crackers (without poppy seeds, raisins, vanilla and any other additives), as well as liquid mashed potatoes or oatmeal porridge cooked in water.
With active treatment, the symptoms recede - improvement should occur within a few hours. Finally, the body returns to normal, as a rule, within three days. But for a few more days, abdominal pain, weakness, and flatulence may persist.
If the main symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, fever) do not decrease and do not pass more than six hours after the start of treatment, consult a doctor.
Step 5. Don't Forget About Prevention
popmeh.ru No one is immune from foodborne infections. But it is up to everyone to reduce their risk to a minimum.
Follow these and other precautions and stay healthy!
When a child is poisoned, various symptoms occur due to increased reactivity of the immune system, instability internal systems. Symptoms of the disease are acute, which allows early treatment.
At home, when deciding what to give a child in case of poisoning, parents use folk remedies. Such a mistake leads to serious consequences. Many studies have confirmed the effectiveness of conservative treatment of intoxication syndrome. Monotherapy of intoxication syndrome with medicinal decoctions leads to complications.
Symptoms are determined by the amount of toxin, the state of the body's defense systems.
With a mild degree, signs of poisoning are lethargy, apathy, refusal to eat. With an average degree, an acute picture of intoxication is formed:
Manifestations occur gradually. Difficulties in differential diagnosis with a variety of diseases with a mild degree of the disease do not allow timely seeking medical help.
We recommend that in case of weakness, apathy, intestinal disorders, assess the condition of the feces. If pathological changes are detected, qualified diagnostics is required. With a physiological consistency, the absence of foreign impurities, the physiological shade of urine, the diagnosis of food, chemical poisoning is doubtful.
The danger of dehydration in a child is provoked by severe diarrhea, frequent vomiting. The condition leads to dangerous consequences.
Intestinal intoxications are divided into the following categories:
Household poisoning (food, water) is characterized by disruption of the gastrointestinal tract with subsequent gastroenteritis. Inflammation of the wall of the stomach, intestines leads to a violation of the digestion of food complexes. The formation of toxins due to the presence of toxic substances, spoiled food leads to increased irritation of the intestines, which causes abdominal pain. Parents in such a situation try to give the child an anesthetic drug. Its effectiveness is short-lived. After the cessation of the therapeutic effect of the drug, the pain syndrome increases.
Attention! Do not give children analgin. The tool is prohibited for use in European countries due to the increased likelihood of provoking irreversible changes in the brain, blood circulation.
Vomiting without diarrhea - signs of damage to the wall of the upper gastrointestinal tract. After poisoning with a small amount of aggressive chemical compounds, the use of industrial alcohol, the epithelium of the esophagus and stomach dies. Reflex stimulation of receptors leads to a gag reflex.
Poisoning in a child is divided into 2 categories according to severity:
The acute form is characterized by a rapid onset, the appearance of specific symptoms.
Chronic intoxication gradually progresses. Symptoms increase as the concentration of the toxin increases. This type includes alcohol and drug poisoning.
Scientists have been able to isolate more than 500 poisons that have tropism for human tissues. Literary sources describe attempts to systematize toxins by their action on certain organs. Such a gradation has not received wide distribution.
For any type of poisoning, a therapy algorithm is selected, consisting of the following procedures:
The high prevalence of household intoxications is exacerbated by the severity of the progression of the disease. A mild degree of poisoning in a child can be treated at home under the supervision of a pediatrician. Therapy of moderate and severe intoxication syndrome is carried out permanently.
People who have experienced intoxication are often interested in whether poisoning can be without diarrhea and vomiting?
Intoxication of the body resulting from the consumption of low-quality foods is a fairly common phenomenon. That is why thousands of people know from their own experience what kind of symptoms appear during this period, how to deal with them and how to quickly put yourself on your feet.
Of course, it is impossible to completely eliminate the probability from your life, because sooner or later everyone is faced with this disease.
Poisoning can occur for a variety of reasons, in the event of which a person cannot quickly get rid of trouble. Some people eat in restaurants where food doesn't always get enough heat, doesn't meet storage requirements, or has an expired shelf life.
Someone's stomach reacts quite unexpectedly to familiar product resulting in unpleasant nausea, dizziness, severe diarrhea and even prolonged vomiting. But these symptoms do not always accompany the disease, and many people are surprised by poisoning without vomiting and diarrhea. Understanding the reasons for this is quite simple, there are many factors that affect the reactions of the body.
In order to understand what the consequences of food intoxication may be, and why some symptoms do not appear at the time of the course of the disease, you need to know the reasons why the body is poisoned.
Food poisoning occurs when pathogenic bacteria or toxic substances enter the human body along with food that are not absorbed and excreted naturally. Reactions in this case can be completely unpredictable, and recovering from such an incident is often quite difficult.
Intoxication manifests itself only when a product was eaten that was not originally suitable for consumption. It can be poisonous, expired or dirty products, there are a huge number of options today.
If the most favorable conditions are created for the pathogenic bacterium, its reproduction will not take long, and in this case, eating the product is not recommended. A person can get a lot of unpleasant symptoms, which can often be life-threatening and for all systems inside a person.
Microorganisms that are found in poor quality food can release several types of toxins at once, which a person is not able to endure without outside intervention. The body simply cannot cope with an unexpected infection, due to which a person feels weakened, cannot perform his daily functions, this affects his performance and quality of life.
Recognizing food poisoning is quite simple, since in most cases it is manifested by a number of characteristic symptoms. Of course, each organism is individual, and the features of the manifestation of the disease will depend on past and chronic diseases, the type of intoxication and the product that was eaten, but most of the signs are the same for absolutely all people.
The deterioration of health in case of food poisoning can occur quite quickly - often a couple of hours is enough to feel unwell.
The severity of such unpleasant conditions directly depends on the state of health, age and the amount of toxin that has entered the body - for example, if the percentage of poison is insignificant, the patient feels only slight dizziness and weakness, but in severe stages and a large amount of toxin, the symptoms can be much more serious.
Many people wonder if there can be food poisoning without diarrhea and vomiting? The answer is unambiguously positive, since this is what indicates that the poisoning is mild and the body is ready to cope with the problem on its own, without resorting to extreme measures. In this case, the toxin is excreted gradually, and the person does not feel serious discomfort.
Food intoxication can be recognized by the following characteristic features:
Not everyone is accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. This suggests that there is no serious danger to human health, and the body is ready to fight the disease with other, gentle methods. The fact is that vomiting and diarrhea can lead to dehydration of the whole body, which negatively affects the state of human health.
At the same time, it becomes mandatory to replenish water and other useful substances in the body, which it becomes quite difficult to cope with on your own. In this case, the intervention of a medical professional is mandatory, since otherwise you risk getting a lot of unpleasant symptoms.
Very often, young children are susceptible to intoxication of the body, since their stomachs have not yet had time to adapt to low-quality food, and they react quite sharply to any irritants.
Moreover, young children tend to have an increased curiosity, which often leads to the consumption of bad foods. For example, a child picked a vegetable from the garden and decided to try it, as a result of which pathogenic bacteria entered the body and caused a lot of harm. Parents must supervise children to avoid such situations without fail.
Note! If a small child has one or more signs of intoxication, an appeal to a medical specialist is mandatory. Even if vomiting and diarrhea do not appear, and poisoning is characterized only by general weakness. Exclude possible consequences and only a doctor can determine the exact cause of infection.
Vomiting and prolonged diarrhea are often the cause of severe dehydration. In this case, all body systems suffer, since many organs simply do not receive the necessary substances.
If these signs of an unpleasant disease do not appear, this indicates that the degree of poisoning is weak, and the victim has nothing to worry about - after a short period of time, the toxin is completely eliminated by the body without causing serious discomfort.
It is interesting to know that such poisoning often occurs in people who drink alcohol. With a moderate amount of alcohol, after a certain period, weakness in the whole body, slight dizziness, and a strong decrease in working capacity can be observed.
In this case, vomiting and diarrhea may not occur even if there is a large amount of toxin in the body. After a couple of days, the symptoms of alcohol intoxication disappear on their own, without leaving serious consequences.
Note! When drinking even a moderate amount of alcohol, such important organs as the stomach, liver, kidneys, heart and brain of a person suffer, therefore it is recommended to protect yourself as much as possible from the use of ethyl alcohol and products based on it.
Despite the fact that the absence of vomiting and diarrhea in most cases indicates that the poisoning is extremely mild, the danger of the absence of these signs is still present. When confronted with a toxin, the body usually tries by all means to get rid of the source of infection, which is why patients often experience these symptoms, which cause a lot of discomfort.
If there are no such signs at the time of the course of the entire disease, this may indicate that the toxin continues to affect the body, while all organs that are temporarily unable to perform their functions suffer.
In severe food poisoning, treatment is mandatory. This is especially true for the penetration of bacteria such as salmonella into the body. Only a doctor will help get rid of the source of infection, who must be called immediately after the manifestation of primary symptoms - this way you will exclude the development of most pathologies and quickly return to a normal lifestyle.
The absence of diarrhea and vomiting often indicates that intoxication is mild and does not require serious intervention. Often, to improve the condition of the victim, it is enough to carry out first aid measures, after which the patient will quickly recover. In this case, the following steps are helpful:
If the symptoms of the disease intensify, and it is not possible to induce vomiting, calling a specialist becomes mandatory. Also, a doctor must be called in case of food poisoning. Small child. The specialist will check the patient's condition, tell possible ways relieve the condition and prescribe subsequent treatment that will help restore the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
Note! Even if the patient became much better after first aid, in no case should you refuse the help of a doctor. Even with mild poisoning, examination will help to exclude subsequent poisoning and the development of serious diseases.
Toxins cause serious harm to human health. If they are not excreted naturally, it is recommended to resort to methods that allow you to quickly and effectively get rid of the toxic substance in the body, after which you can start restoring the condition.
To alleviate the condition in the days following the poisoning, a specialized soft diet based on products that do not irritate the inflamed stomach will help. Only a doctor can prescribe an individual diet, therefore it is not recommended to engage in self-treatment - this can only aggravate the patient's condition and lead to unpleasant consequences and exacerbation of symptoms.
During the recovery period, drinking plenty of fluids is recommended, which will help restore the water-salt balance in the body and relieve the effects of toxic substances. Also, experts often prescribe medications that allow you to fight pathogenic bacteria and restore the intestinal microflora and the gastric mucosa.
Video: how to treat food poisoning in children?
It is much easier to avoid any unpleasant consequences if you pay attention to the quality of the food you eat in advance. Prevention methods will minimize the risk of infection. To do this, you should follow a number of simple rules:
Simple rules will help get rid of possible poisoning and eliminate unpleasant consequences for human health and life.
